What does the term "theme" refer to in literature?

The term "theme" in literature refers to the underlying message or central idea that an author wishes to convey through their work. It represents the deeper meaning behind the narrative, exploring significant concepts, moral lessons, or reflections on human nature and society. Themes can be universal, addressing broad topics such as love, conflict, identity, or morality, and they often resonate with readers across different contexts and cultures.

While plot involves the sequence of events that take place in the story, and the main character's journey focuses on their development and experiences, these elements support and illustrate the theme rather than represent it. The setting pertains to the time and place where the story occurs, which can influence the theme but does not define it. Thus, understanding the theme is crucial for interpreting the work as it provides insight into the author's perspective and intended message.