What is the difference between a primary source and a secondary source?

The distinction between primary and secondary sources is fundamental in research and academic writing. A primary source is defined as original material that has not been altered or interpreted by others. This includes firsthand accounts, original documents, artifacts, or any source that provides direct evidence about an event, object, person, or work of art. Examples of primary sources include diaries, interviews, photographs, and original research studies.

On the other hand, a secondary source analyzes, interprets, or provides commentary on primary sources. Secondary sources draw on primary materials to synthesize or critique information, often found in textbooks, articles, and reviews. They serve to contextualize and elaborate on the primary data, helping to provide a broader understanding of the subject.

The other options offer definitions that differ from this foundational understanding. Summarizing and providing detailed information does not capture the essence of primary and secondary sources' roles. Identifying specific types of sources, such as books and articles, can be misleading since both can serve as either primary or secondary. Additionally, subjective and objective characterization does not adequately represent the essential difference between these source types. Understanding this distinction is crucial for effectively conducting research and analyzing information.